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https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conservatisme_paternaliste
Le conservatisme paternaliste, également appelé droite sociale, est un ensemble de courants politiques qui combinent des préoccupations conservatrices, en particulier pour les traditions établies, le respect pour l'autorité, l'ordre, la sécurité, l'identité nationale et parfois les valeurs religieuses, avec des idées sociales sur le plan économique. L'accent est particulièrement mis sur l'obligation paternaliste, faisant référence au concept féodal de noblesse oblige, de ceux qui sont privilégiés et riches envers les parties les plus pauvres de la société. Conformément à des principes tels que le devoir , la hiérarchie et l'unité organique , il peut être considéré comme une conséquence du conservatisme traditionaliste. Les conservateurs paternalistes ne soutiennent pas le principe de l'individu ou l'État, mais sont plutôt prêts à soutenir l'un ou l'autre ou à recommander un équilibre entre les deux, en fonction de ce qui est le plus pratique.
Le conservatisme paternaliste met l'accent sur le devoir du gouvernement d'impliquer un interventionnisme étatique assez large pour cultiver une vie bonne pour tous les citoyens. Cela conduit à une voie dirigiste dans laquelle le gouvernement est envisagé comme une figure paternelle bienveillante fixant des objectifs et garantissant le fair-play et l'égalité des chances, avec un accent sur l'importance d'un filet de sécurité sociale pour lutter contre la pauvreté et le soutien de redistribution des richesses, ainsi qu'une régulation gouvernementale des marchés dans l'intérêt des consommateurs et des producteurs.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paternalistic_conservatism
https://e-jlia.com/papers/5_6.pdf
https://eslwriting.org/wp-content/chapter2-political-ideas-and-ideologies.pdf
Conservatism: key ideas
Tradition: The central theme of conservative thought, ‘the desire to conserve’, is closely linked to the perceived
virtues of tradition, respect for established customs, and institutions that have endured through time. In this
view, tradition reflects the accumulated wisdom of the past, and institutions and practices that have been
‘tested by time’, and it should be preserved for the benefit of the living and for generations yet to come.
Tradition also has the virtue of promoting a sense of social and historical belonging.
Pragmatism: Conservatives have traditionally emphasized the limitations of human rationality, which arise
from the infinite complexity of the world in which we live. Abstract principles and systems of thought are
therefore distrusted, and instead faith is placed in experience, history and, above all, pragmatism: the belief
that action should be shaped by practical circumstances and practical goals, that is, by ‘what works’.
Conservatives have thus preferred to describe their own beliefs as an ‘attitude of mind’ or an ‘approach to life’,
rather than as an ideology, although they reject the idea that this amounts to unprincipled opportunism.
Human imperfection: The conservative view of human nature is broadly pessimistic. In this view, human
beings are limited, dependent, and security-seeking creatures, drawn to the familiar and the tried and tested,
and needing to live in stable and orderly communities. In addition, individuals are morally corrupt: they are
tainted by selfishness, greed and the thirst for power. The roots of crime and dis order therefore reside within
the human individual rather than in society. The maintenance of order (see p. 400) therefore requires a strong
state, the enforcement of strict laws, and stiff penalties.
Organicism: Instead of seeing society as an artefact that is a product of human ingenuity, conservatives have
traditionally viewed society as an organic whole, or living entity. Society is thus structured by natural necessity,
with its various insti tutions, or the ‘fabric of society’ (families, local communities, the nation and so on),
contributing to the health and stability of society. The whole is more than a collection of its indi vidual parts.
Shared (often ‘traditional’) values and a common culture are also seen as being vital to the maintenance of the
community and social cohesion.
Hierarchy: In the conservative view, gradations of social position and status are natural and inevitable in an
organic society. These reflect the differing roles and responsibilities of, for example, employers and workers,
teachers and pupils, and parents and children. Nevertheless, in this view, hierarchy and inequality do not give
rise to conflict, because society is bound together by mutual obligations and reciprocal duties. Indeed, as a
person’s ‘station in life’ is determined largely by luck and the accident of birth, the prosperous and privileged
acquire a particular responsibility of care for the less fortunate.
Authority: Conservatives hold that, to some degree, authority is always exercised ‘from above’, providing
leadership (see p. 300), guidance and support for those who lack the knowledge, experience or education
to act wisely in their own interests (an example being the authority of parents over children). Although the
idea of a natural aristocracy was once influential, authority and leadership are now more commonly
seen as resulting from experience and training. The virtue of authority is that it is a source of social cohesion, giving people a clear sense of who they are and what is expected of them. Freedom must therefore
coexist with responsibility; it therefore consists largely of a willing acceptance of obligations and duties.
Property: Conservatives see property ownership as being vital because it gives people security and a measure
of independence from government, and it encourages them to respect the law and the property of others.
Property is also an exteriorization of people’s personalities, in that they ‘see’ themselves in what they own: their
houses, their cars, and so on. However, property ownership involves duties as well as rights. In this view, we
are, in a sense, merely custodians of property that has either been inherited from past generations (‘the family
silver’), or may be of value to future ones.
Le conservatisme paternaliste, également appelé droite sociale, est un ensemble de courants politiques qui combinent des préoccupations conservatrices, en particulier pour les traditions établies, le respect pour l'autorité, l'ordre, la sécurité, l'identité nationale et parfois les valeurs religieuses, avec des idées sociales sur le plan économique. L'accent est particulièrement mis sur l'obligation paternaliste, faisant référence au concept féodal de noblesse oblige, de ceux qui sont privilégiés et riches envers les parties les plus pauvres de la société. Conformément à des principes tels que le devoir , la hiérarchie et l'unité organique , il peut être considéré comme une conséquence du conservatisme traditionaliste. Les conservateurs paternalistes ne soutiennent pas le principe de l'individu ou l'État, mais sont plutôt prêts à soutenir l'un ou l'autre ou à recommander un équilibre entre les deux, en fonction de ce qui est le plus pratique.
Le conservatisme paternaliste met l'accent sur le devoir du gouvernement d'impliquer un interventionnisme étatique assez large pour cultiver une vie bonne pour tous les citoyens. Cela conduit à une voie dirigiste dans laquelle le gouvernement est envisagé comme une figure paternelle bienveillante fixant des objectifs et garantissant le fair-play et l'égalité des chances, avec un accent sur l'importance d'un filet de sécurité sociale pour lutter contre la pauvreté et le soutien de redistribution des richesses, ainsi qu'une régulation gouvernementale des marchés dans l'intérêt des consommateurs et des producteurs.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paternalistic_conservatism
https://e-jlia.com/papers/5_6.pdf
https://eslwriting.org/wp-content/chapter2-political-ideas-and-ideologies.pdf
Conservatism: key ideas
Tradition: The central theme of conservative thought, ‘the desire to conserve’, is closely linked to the perceived
virtues of tradition, respect for established customs, and institutions that have endured through time. In this
view, tradition reflects the accumulated wisdom of the past, and institutions and practices that have been
‘tested by time’, and it should be preserved for the benefit of the living and for generations yet to come.
Tradition also has the virtue of promoting a sense of social and historical belonging.
Pragmatism: Conservatives have traditionally emphasized the limitations of human rationality, which arise
from the infinite complexity of the world in which we live. Abstract principles and systems of thought are
therefore distrusted, and instead faith is placed in experience, history and, above all, pragmatism: the belief
that action should be shaped by practical circumstances and practical goals, that is, by ‘what works’.
Conservatives have thus preferred to describe their own beliefs as an ‘attitude of mind’ or an ‘approach to life’,
rather than as an ideology, although they reject the idea that this amounts to unprincipled opportunism.
Human imperfection: The conservative view of human nature is broadly pessimistic. In this view, human
beings are limited, dependent, and security-seeking creatures, drawn to the familiar and the tried and tested,
and needing to live in stable and orderly communities. In addition, individuals are morally corrupt: they are
tainted by selfishness, greed and the thirst for power. The roots of crime and dis order therefore reside within
the human individual rather than in society. The maintenance of order (see p. 400) therefore requires a strong
state, the enforcement of strict laws, and stiff penalties.
Organicism: Instead of seeing society as an artefact that is a product of human ingenuity, conservatives have
traditionally viewed society as an organic whole, or living entity. Society is thus structured by natural necessity,
with its various insti tutions, or the ‘fabric of society’ (families, local communities, the nation and so on),
contributing to the health and stability of society. The whole is more than a collection of its indi vidual parts.
Shared (often ‘traditional’) values and a common culture are also seen as being vital to the maintenance of the
community and social cohesion.
Hierarchy: In the conservative view, gradations of social position and status are natural and inevitable in an
organic society. These reflect the differing roles and responsibilities of, for example, employers and workers,
teachers and pupils, and parents and children. Nevertheless, in this view, hierarchy and inequality do not give
rise to conflict, because society is bound together by mutual obligations and reciprocal duties. Indeed, as a
person’s ‘station in life’ is determined largely by luck and the accident of birth, the prosperous and privileged
acquire a particular responsibility of care for the less fortunate.
Authority: Conservatives hold that, to some degree, authority is always exercised ‘from above’, providing
leadership (see p. 300), guidance and support for those who lack the knowledge, experience or education
to act wisely in their own interests (an example being the authority of parents over children). Although the
idea of a natural aristocracy was once influential, authority and leadership are now more commonly
seen as resulting from experience and training. The virtue of authority is that it is a source of social cohesion, giving people a clear sense of who they are and what is expected of them. Freedom must therefore
coexist with responsibility; it therefore consists largely of a willing acceptance of obligations and duties.
Property: Conservatives see property ownership as being vital because it gives people security and a measure
of independence from government, and it encourages them to respect the law and the property of others.
Property is also an exteriorization of people’s personalities, in that they ‘see’ themselves in what they own: their
houses, their cars, and so on. However, property ownership involves duties as well as rights. In this view, we
are, in a sense, merely custodians of property that has either been inherited from past generations (‘the family
silver’), or may be of value to future ones.
